Physics — Semester B Practice

Question 1 of 10

TEKS 8GHard Calc Word Diagram

The ray diagram shows an object placed farther than 2f from a converging (convex) lens. What is TRUE of the image?

AReal, inverted, and reduced

BReal, upright, and enlarged

CVirtual, inverted, and same size

DVirtual, upright, and enlarged

Explanation

📌 Object beyond 2f of a converging lens: image is on the OPPOSITE side (real), inverted (flipped), and reduced (smaller than object). This is how a camera lens works. Distractor B: describes a magnifying glass (object within f); C: converging lens never produces upright real image; D: nonsense combination.

Question 2 of 10

TEKS 8A-8DMedium Calc Word

A wave has a wavelength of 0.5 m and a frequency of 340 Hz. What is its speed?

A68 m/s

B170 m/s

C680 m/s

D0.0015 m/s

Explanation

📌 v = λf = 0.5 × 340 = 170 m/s. Distractor A: divided; C: multiplied wrong; D: reciprocal.

Question 3 of 10

TEKS 8E-9DMedium Calc Word Diagram

The diagram shows energy levels of an atom. An electron transitions from level n = 3 to level n = 1. What happens?

AThe atom loses one proton

BThe atom emits a photon with energy equal to E₃ − E₁

CNothing happens

DThe atom absorbs a photon of energy hf

Explanation

📌 When an electron drops from a higher energy level to a lower one, the atom emits a photon whose energy = E_higher − E_lower. Frequency of the emitted photon is set by hf = ΔE. This is the origin of emission spectra. Distractor A: absorption is the reverse process; C: protons are in the nucleus, not affected by electron transitions; D: emission happens.

Question 4 of 10

TEKS 6A-6EMedium Calc Word Diagram

The diagram shows electric field lines around two point charges. What is the sign of each charge?

AA is −, B is −

BA is −, B is +

CA is +, B is −

DA is +, B is +

Explanation

📌 Field lines EMERGE from positive charges and CONVERGE into negative charges. In the diagram, arrows point OUT of A (so A is positive) and INTO B (so B is negative). Distractor A: both would show outward arrows; C: reversed; D: both would show inward arrows.

Question 5 of 10

TEKS 6A-6EMedium Calc Word Diagram

The diagram shows two point charges. Charge A has +4 μC and charge B has +2 μC. They are separated by 0.10 m. What is the direction of the force on charge B due to charge A?

AAway from A (repulsive)

BToward A (attractive)

CZero force

DPerpendicular to the line AB

Explanation

📌 Both charges are positive (like charges). Like charges REPEL. So force on B points AWAY from A. Magnitudes are given: F = kq_A q_B/d² = (8.99×10⁹)(4×10⁻⁶)(2×10⁻⁶)/(0.10)² = 7.19 N, but the question asks direction only. Distractor A: opposite direction; C: force is nonzero; D: force is along line, not perpendicular.

Question 6 of 10

TEKS 6A-6EMedium Calc Word Diagram

In the circuit shown, a 12 V battery drives current through two resistors in series: R₁ = 4 Ω and R₂ = 8 Ω. What is the current through R₁?

A3.0 A

B0.5 A

C1.0 A

D1.5 A

Explanation

📌 Series: R_total = 4 + 8 = 12 Ω. Current is the same everywhere: I = V/R = 12/12 = 1.0 A. Distractor A: only used R₂; C: split difference; D: forgot to add resistors (used just R₁: 12/4 = 3).

Question 7 of 10

TEKS 8E-9DMedium Calc Word

What is the energy of a photon with frequency 5.0 × 10¹⁴ Hz? Use h = 6.63 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s.

A5.0 × 10¹⁴ J

B3.3 × 10⁻¹⁹ J

C1.3 × 10¹⁹ J

D3.3 × 10⁻²⁰ J

Explanation

📌 E = hf = (6.63 × 10⁻³⁴)(5.0 × 10¹⁴) = 33.15 × 10⁻²⁰ = 3.3 × 10⁻¹⁹ J. Distractor B: wrong sign of exponent; C: reported f; D: off by factor of 10.

Question 8 of 10

TEKS 6A-6EEasy Word

Which of the following is a good conductor of electricity?

AGlass

BCopper

CWood

DRubber

Explanation

📌 Metals are conductors because their electrons can move freely. Copper is one of the most-used conductors. Wood, rubber, and glass are insulators.

Question 9 of 10

TEKS 8A-8DMedium Calc Word

The frequency of a wave is 500 Hz. What is its period?

A500 ms

B2 ms

C500 s

D0.5 s

Explanation

📌 T = 1/f = 1/500 = 0.002 s = 2 ms. Distractor A: T = f; C: wrong reciprocal; D: 500 ms is 0.5s.

Question 10 of 10

TEKS 6A-6EEasy Word

A 12 V battery is connected across a 4 Ω resistor. What is the current through the resistor?

A0.33 A

B3.0 A

C48 A

D16 A

Explanation

📌 Ohm's law: I = V/R = 12/4 = 3.0 A. Distractor A: reciprocal (R/V); C: multiplied V × R; D: added V + R.

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